Comparison of DNA fragmentation levels in spermatozoa with different sex chromosome complements

Research question

Do spermatozoa with different sex chromosome complements (X and Y; aneuploidy and monosomy) exhibit different degrees of DNA damage?

基于响应面法优选美洲大蠊口腔原位温敏凝胶的制备研究

目的制备美洲大蠊Periplaneta americana口腔原位温敏凝胶。方法采用自由基聚合法首次以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NNIPAM)和甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯(HPMA)合成聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺-甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯)[P(NNIPAM-HPMA)]作为温敏材料;通过冷溶法制备美洲大蠊口腔原位温敏凝胶,采用Box-Behnken设计响应面法,以溶蚀时间、胶凝时间为评价指标,在固定美洲大蠊提取物用量基础上,对羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP K30)、P(NNIPAM-HPMA)的用量进行优选。结果通过原位聚合法合成了P(NNIPAM-HPMA)温敏材料;并用响应面法优选了可用于口腔的美洲大蠊原位温敏凝胶的处方,优选的处方为美洲大蠊提取物10%、HPMC 3.0%、PVP K30 9.5%、P(NNIPAM-HPMA) 10.0%,其溶蚀时间为2 h,胶凝时间8～9 s。结论优选得到美洲大蠊口腔原位温敏凝胶,为美洲大蠊提取物的口腔原位局部的临床应用奠定了科学依据。     

Formulation and characterization of lornoxicam-loaded cellulosic-microsponge gel for possible applications in arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease associated with severe joint pain. Herein, we report lornoxicam loaded cellulosic microsponge gel formulation with sustained anti-inflammatory effects that are required to manage arthritic pain. The microsponges were formulated using quasi emulsion-solvent diffusion method employing four different surfactant systems, namely polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Tween80, Gelucire 48/16 and Gelucire 50/13. All the lornoxicam loaded microsponge formulations were extensively characterized with a variety of analytical tools. The optimized microsponge formulation was then converted into gel formulation. The lornoxicam loaded microsponge gel formulation had adequate viscosity and sufficient pharmaceutical properties as confirmed by the texture analysis and the drug release followed Super case II transport. It is noteworthy that we described the preparation of a new cellulosic polymers based microsponge system for delivery of lornoxicam to provide quick as well as lasting (sustained) anti-inflammatory effects in rats using carrageenan induced rat paw edema model. We were able to demonstrate a 72% reduction in inflammation within 4 h using the optimize transdermal gel formulation utilizing Transcutol P as permeation enhancer and with the aid of skin micro-piercing by microneedles, hence, demonstrating the potential of this microsponge gel formulation in arthritis management.     

保妇康凝胶联合诺氟沙星治疗宫颈糜烂50例疗效观察

目的：探讨保妇康凝胶联合诺氟沙星治疗宫颈糜烂的临床效果。方法将100例宫颈糜烂患者根据随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各50例。观察组给予保妇康凝胶和诺氟沙星联合治疗，对照组单独给予治糜灵栓治疗，比较两组患者临床症状的变化，并对临床疗效进行评价。结果观察组治愈率为86.00%，明显高于对照组的74.00%，临床症状评分改善较对照组明显，且其临床症状消失的时间短于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论保妇康凝胶与诺氟沙星合用比治糜灵栓治疗宫颈糜烂效果更佳，且治愈时间上明显较优，值得临床上推广应用。     

卡式微柱凝胶试验与传统检验方法在输血检验的应用价值比较

目的研究卡式微柱凝胶试验与传统检验方法在输血检验的应用价值。方法本次纳入2019年2月~2019年12月期间本院接收的3000例输血检验患者展开研究,按照随机数字表法分为两组,对照组1500例实施传统检验方法,观察组1500例应用卡式微柱凝胶试验法。将两组的一次性检验准确率、不良反应发生率、操作医生满意度进行比对。结果观察组患者ABO正定型、ABO反定型、RhD阴性的一次性检验准确率均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的输血不良反应发生率低于对照组,观察组操作医生的满意度高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论卡式微柱凝胶试验应用在输血检验中的准确率、灵敏度均更优,有助于提高输血安全性及操作医生满意度。     

MiR-92b-3p ameliorates inflammation and autophagy by targeting TRAF3 and suppressing MKK3-p38 pathway in caerulein-induced AR42J cells

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease with high morbidity and mortality. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) was involved in human diseases, including AP. However, the effects of miR-92b-3p on AP process and its mechanism remain not been fully clarified. The expression levels of miR-92b-3p and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-3 (TRAF3) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein levels of TRAF3, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) TNF-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6), phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (p-MKK3), MKK3, p38 and phosphorylated p38 (p-p38) were detected by western blot. The concentration of TNF-α and IL-6 in the medium was measured using ELISA kits. The possible binding sites of miR-92b-3p and TRAF3 were predicted by TargetScan and verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. The expression level of miR-92b-3p was decreased and TRAF3 expression was increased in AR42J cells stimulated with caerulein. Moreover, the protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) were markedly elevated, and the expression levels of autophagy-related markers Beclin1 as well as the ratio of LC3-II/I were obviously increased in AR42J cells treated with caerulein. In addition, overexpression of miR-92b-3p or knockdown of TRAF3 significantly suppressed the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and autophagy in caerulein-induced AR42J cells. Furthermore, TRAF3 was a direct target of miR-92b-3p and its upregulation reversed the effects of miR-92b-3p overexpression on inflammatory response and autophagy. Besides, overexpression of miR-92b-3p inhibited the activation of the MKK3-p38 pathway by affecting TRAF3 expression. In conclusion, miR-92b-3p attenuated inflammatory response and autophagy by downregulating TRAF3 and suppressing MKK3-p38 pathway in caerulein-induced AR42J cells, providing a novel avenue for treatment of AP.     

紫柏凝胶通过调节ERK及P38/MAPK信号通路下调宫颈癌荷瘤裸鼠E6、E7蛋白表达研究

目的:观察ERK及P38/MAPK信号通路在紫柏凝胶影响宫颈癌裸鼠移植瘤致癌蛋白E6、E7表达中的作用。方法:体外培养Siha细胞,成功建立人宫颈癌荷瘤裸鼠模型,随机分为模型组,顺铂组(腹腔内注射0.5 ml顺铂,4 d1次),紫柏凝胶高、中、低剂量组(外用紫柏凝胶0.9428、0.4714、0.2357 g/kg,1 d1次),试验期28 d。称取瘤重并测量瘤体积,HE染色观察移植瘤组织病理学变化,免疫组化SP法检测瘤体中的p-p38、p-ERK、E6及E7蛋白表达水平。结果:紫柏凝胶各组的裸鼠肿瘤体积均明显小于模型组(P<0.05),高、中、低剂量组抑瘤率分别为36.23%、31.24%和14.94%。HE染色紫柏凝胶各剂量组移植瘤组织出现明显坏死样改变。与模型组比较,高、中剂量紫柏凝胶组瘤组织的E6、E7蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.05),同时p-ERK及p-p38蛋白水平明显下降(P<0.05)。结论:紫柏凝胶对HPV(+)宫颈癌Siha细胞裸鼠移植瘤的生长具有明显抑制作用,可下调致癌蛋白E6和E7的表达,其机制可能与抑制ERK及P38/MAPK信号通路有关。     

Should we start integrating genetic data in decision-making on device-aided therapies in Parkinson disease? A point of view

Parkinson disease (PD) is a complex heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder. Association studies have revealed numerous genetic risk loci and variants, and about 5–10% suffer from a monogenic form. Because the presentation and course of PD is unique to each patient, personalized symptomatic treatment should ideally be offered to treat the most disabling motor and non-motor symptoms. Indeed, clinical milestones and treatment complications that appear during disease progression are influenced by the genetic imprint. With recent advances in PD, more patients live longer to become eligible for device-aided therapies, such as apomorphine continuous subcutaneous infusion, levodopa duodenal gel infusion, and deep brain stimulation surgery, each with its own inclusion and exclusion criteria, advantages and disadvantages. Because genetic variants influence the expression of particular clinical profiles, factors for better or worse outcomes for device-aided therapies may then be proactively identified. For example, mutations in PRKN, LRRK2 and GBA express phenotypes that favor suitability for different device therapies, although with marked differences in the therapeutic window; whereas multiplications of SNCA express phenotypes that make them less desirable for device therapies.